Obesity and overweight have increased very significantly, almost 35% of the world’s adult population has experienced this condition. Obesity is a core component of the metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cancer. To lower the morbidity and mortality rate, intervention and prevention to obesity should be optimized.
The causes of obesity are multifactorial, including genetic, environmental, physiological, cultural, political and socioeconomic factors but in principle, obesity occurs when the balance of energy shifts in a positive direction , easier access to high calorie intake and also technological advancement which reduces human activity causing less energy outtake. It triggers an energy balance shift in the body. Women are more susceptible to obesity than men due to hormonal factor.
Indonesia has a diverse food with various energy densities. Low energy density food contains low calories compared to other food with same weight. The study is conducted to analyze effect of energy density of food on blood glucose levels and hunger satiety sensation using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) method.
The study conducted to 17 women aged 18-22 with body mass index ≥ 25 which were divided into two groups. The first group was given low energy density food such as Madurese corn rice, orek tempe, eggplant chilli sauce, salted fish, mixed vegetable and 200 ml of water. This food composition has 1.4 cal/g, protein 22.18 g (19.47%), fat 16.42 g (32.54%), carbohydrate 56.38g ( 49,51%), fiber 6,4 g with total energy 455,47 kal in 320 grams. The subjects of the study had their blood glucose levels tested during fasting, in 2 and 4 hours pospandrial. Visual Analog Scale questionnaire were answered to evaluate the hunger-satiety sensation.
The results of the study showed that subjects given low density food obtained blood glucose by 65.67 ± 13.33 g/dL, 2 hours postpandrial by 81.89 ± 11.11 g/dL, and 4 hours postpandrial by 106.00 ± 56.00 g/dL. Meanwhile, the subject group with high energy density has fasting blood glucose of 72.00 ± 13.00 g/dL, 2 hours postpandrial of 83.38 ± 10.16 g/dL, and 4 hours postpandrial 96.75 ± 14.38 g/dL with p 0.05 while the high density was p
The results of this study implied that low-energy food density (with calories level 1.6 kal/g) will increase blood glucose level and relatively stable since 2 hours postpandrial and prevented sharp decline of blood glucose level compared to food with high density (calories >2.1 kal/g). The rising blood glucose level 2 hours pospandrial to high density group will trigger insulin release from pancreas. Insulin release to the blood will push glucose into blood cells so glucose level will get lower. Lower blood glucose level will cause hunger. To maintain weight or to lose weight, prevent your blood glucose level goes higher. Food with low energy density will prevent glucose release into blood. By maintaining stable glucose level, the excessive insulin release causing hunger is prevented. When hunger is suppressed, excessive food intake can be avoided.
Author: Purwo Sri Rejeki
Informasi detail dari tulisan ini dapat dilihat pada: http://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijfmt/article/view/3384
Ni Luh Putu Ayu Putri Sariningrat, Purwo Sri Rejeki, and Irfiansyah Irwadi (2020).Effect of Dietary Energy Density on Increasing Blood Glucose Pattern and Hunger-Satiety Sensation, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (14:2), https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3384
