Allergies are chronic diseases that can change the growth and development of children. Allergies are health problems with a high prevalence of 5%-15% occurring in children. In southeast Asia, the prevalence of child allergies reaches 3.3%. Currently, allergic events are suspected to be associated with exposure in the womb. Various allergy prevention efforts are still not optimal, and until now, the immunological prevention process in utero is still not understood. The study was conducted to analyze immunoglobulin levels against the exposure of cow’s milk proteins in pregnant rats.
As many as 15 pregnant female mice ten weeks are included in this study of allergen-induced cow milk proteins (bull’s milk protein) low dose (1 mg of CMP/gramBB) and high doses (10mg of CMP/gramBB). The control group is a pregnant rat who does not get CMP induction. Pregnant rats with congenital abnormalities of the fetus obtained a difference in eating behavior, or that shows a sign of pain such as weight loss, impaired breathing patterns, and diarrhea secreted from the study. After a 2-week-old baby rat, the blood serum of infant rats and female rats was taken for the examination of IgA, IgE, IgM, and IgG using ELISHA’s method.
The IgG-1, IgG-2a, IgG-2b, and IgG-3 rates in infant mice were significantly higher compared to the control group, both induced with low-dose CMP and high doses. The increased levels of IgG were also obtained in female rats, except for IgG-2a levels in rats who gained low-dose CMP and IgG-3 in rats who gained high doses of CMP. It showed that exposure to high doses and low doses of female rats and infant mice gave the same response that the cow’s milk antigen could be transferred through the placenta to the rat fetus.
A significantly improved IgE is also gained both in infant mice and female rats who obtain low-dose CMP as well as high doses, whereas an increase in IgA and IgM only occurs in mice that obtain high-dose CMP induction. It shows that IgE is a potent allergic parameter in female rats and infant mice. Specific IgE antibodies have a high affinity to mast cells, basophil, macrophages, and dendritic cells, so much more there is exposure to specific allergens that will occur the release of histamine and induce hypersensitivity symptoms.
The study showed that exposure to cow’s milk protein allergens given in rats during pregnancy would increase the range of immunoglobulin parameters not only in mice itself but also in infant rats born. The presence of allergen exposure since rat content can lead to a response to the fetus being conceived. Further research is still necessary for early allergy prevention that can be done in utero. (*)
Author: Risa Etika
Details of the research available at
http://chimie-biologie.ubm.ro/carpathian_journal/Papers_11(5)/CJFST11(5)2019_10.pdf
