Polluted Waters with Heavy Metals Damaging the Worm Network Tubifex sp.

Heavy metal includes stressors for aquatic organisms. Various physical, chemical, and polluted stressors can cause cellular homeostatic, survival and cells signalling disorders (Afanas’ev, 2010; Rocha et al., 2010). Homeostatic disorders…

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The Role of Pasuruan and Probolinggo Mangrove Ecosystems in Global Climate Change Mitigation

Mangroves are coastal ecosystems that thrive along tropical and subtropical lines throughout the world (Kauffman and Donato, 2012; Liu et al., 2014). Mangroves provide many ecosystem services, including spawning and…

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