Antibiotic resistance has become a global threat that affects human and animal health, and new methods are needed to limit the presence of antibiotic resistance sources, primarily in pets such as dogs. One bacterial isolate that is often associated with antibiotic resistance problems is Escherichiacoli. E. coli is a healthy flora in the digestive tract of mammals, including humans and animals, and this bacterial isolate can act as a reservoir in the transmission of antibiotic resistance. The bacterial helps track down resistant genes that can spread from animals to humans and the environment by using E. coli isolates.
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by negative Bacteria Enterobacteriaceae which includes E. coli and hydrolyze penicillin but also the third generation of cephalosporin monobactam and other antibiotics by inactivating penicillin and ephalosporin using plasmid-mediatedextended beta-lact (Lactam), monobactam (third generation) monobactam (monobactam) and other antibiotics by carrying out the inactivation of penicillin and ephalosporin using plasmid-mediatedextended beta-lact (ES). Such as TEM, SHV, or cefotaxime enzymes in the CTX group. Control of the circulation of ESBL-producing bacteria is often related to resistance to other groups of antibiotics commonly used in human medicine must be done with an early detection approach in the reservoir, including dogs pets. Based on this background, efforts should be made to detect the ESBL encoding gene for E.coli isolated from rectal dog swabs that can provide information about the presence of isolates that endanger this public health.
The study used 84 swab samples from rectal dogs taken from several veterinary clinics in Surabaya with sterile cotton swabs and put in 1% peptonair (E. Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Samples are immediately taken to the laboratory for examination. In general, the ESBL gene is located in a plasmid that can spread easily between komeonsal bacteria and pathogens in the environment. However, the TEM gene present in Klebsiella pneumoniae from animals of dominant food origin in ESBL is produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Isolation of ESBLcoli-producing Escherichia among 84 rectal swab samples found in the Surabaya area, all samples contained E. coli. In this study, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the isolates tested confirmed the presence of the ESBL enzyme, which causes resistance to cefotaxime. Found 8 isolates of E. coli producing ESBL. Genotypically, it was found that the dominant CTX gene was 100% (8/8) of ESBL isolates. The CTX enzyme has become the dominant ESBL in humans and it has been found to be normal that plasmid CTX encoding can also carry other and resistant TEM genes such as aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, trimethropim and tetracycline.
CTX and TEM genes are the dominant type of gene, which is consistently found in detecting antibiotic resistance in genes from dogs in several countries. Isolation of E. colidaries from livestock is also reported in China has increased rapidly in recent years with CTX being the main gene encoding applicable to ESBL. Efforts to prevent and control cases of ESBL in veterinary public health will be very easy if the source of transmission or origin of the agent is known. Escherichia coli from pet dogs has a relatively high yield. Therefore, ESBL produced by E. colimen shows the potential for spreading and threatening animal health and public health from E. coli isolates. For this reason, a high level of caution is needed from the dog owner that the dog also has the potential to transmit ESBL-producing E. coli to the dog owner.
Correspondent author: Dr. Mustofa Helmi Effendi, drh., DTAPH Details of this research available at:
Kristianingtyas, L., Effendi, M. H., Tyasningsih, W., Kurniawan, F. 2020.Genetic Identification of blactx-M Gene and blatem Gene on Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia Coli from Dogs.Indian Vet. J. 97 (01) : 17 – 21
