Obesity or overweight has become a world phenomenon; its prevalence is increasing every year. In 2016, WHO indicated that more than 1 billion people worldwide suffer from overweight, and 650 million of them are diagnosed as obese. Obesity harms health, and there is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. The cause of obesity is that the calories consumed are bigger than the energy expended by a person.
Diet is one of the therapeutic modalities to treat obesity apart from exercise, drugs, and surgery. Nowadays, the ketogenic diet, which in its composition contains a lot of fat, has become a trend in society. The diet, which is initially to treat epilepsy, then developed into a lifestyle. Bodyweight is a rough indicator of the success of an obesity reduction effort. At the same time, visceral fat in the abdominal cavity is a more reliable indicator of improving health conditions associated with metabolic syndrome. Uncouple Protein 1 (UCP1) is a protein found in mitochondria that plays a role in increasing energy output. The research conducted was to determine the best composition that can reduce body weight, visceral fat and its effect on UCP.
The study was conducted using 50 mice, aged 2-3 months with a bodyweight of 13-30 grams. Mice were divided into five groups K1 (standard diet), K2 (60% protein, 30% fat), K3 (45% protein, 45% fat), K4 (30% protein, 60% fat), and K5 (15% protein. , 75% fat). The feed is given freely for four weeks. Visceral is from fat in the abdominal cavity, and UCP1 expression obtained from immunohistochemical examination of visceral fat.
The results showed that body weight was K1 pre (23.80 ± 2.44) gram post (26.90 ± 4.88) gram; K2 pre (25.60 ± 2.54) gram post (19.20 ± 3.79) gram; K3 pre (24.14 ± 3.76) gram post (14.71 ± 3.72) gram; K4 pre (23.40 ± 3.50) gram post (13.80 ± 1.54) gram and K5 pre (25.33 ± 2.42) gram post (16.67 ± 2.25) gram with p
The results of this study indicate that a high-fat diet is proven to reduce body weight, with the highest reduction composition in the group given the fat: protein ratio (60:30). A high-fat diet has also been shown to reduce visceral fat. The nature of fat can cause weight loss due to a high-fat diet in the digestive tract. Fat in food will suppress the release of the hormone Ghrelin in the digestive tract. Ghrelin is a hormone that stimulates appetite and indirectly inhibits fat storage. On the other hand, fat also stimulates the secretion of Cholecystokinin, a hormone that suppresses hunger. The effect of these two hormones, which can affect the number of calories intake so that the energy balance is towards a deficit; this is evidenced by a decrease in body weight and visceral fat. This reduction in visceral fat is expected to have a beneficial impact on health. (*)
Author: Dr Purwo Sri Rejeki, dr, MKes
Link:
https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/FMI/article/view/22190 Indira Syahraya, Hermina Novida, Lilik Herawati, Purwo Sri Rejeki3 (2020).Effect of High Fat Diet on Weight Loss Through The Expression Of Uncouple Protein 1 In Mice Visceral Fat, Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol 56 (3) http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v56i3.22190
